Systematic thesaurus - Thésaurus systématique - Thesaurus sistemático
English
 
 
 
01.01.01 Statute and organisation
 
01.01.01.01 Sources
 
01.01.01.01.01 Constitution
 
01.01.01.01.02 Institutional Acts
 
01.01.01.01.03 Other legislation
 
01.01.01.01.04 Rule issued by the executive
 
 
01.01.01.02 Independence
 
01.01.01.02.01 Statutory independence
 
01.01.01.02.02 Administrative independence
 
01.01.01.02.03 Financial independence
 
01.01.02 Composition, recruitment and structure
 
 
01.01.02.02 Number of members
 
01.01.02.03 Appointing authority
 
 
 
01.01.02.06 Functions of the President / Vice-President
 
01.01.02.07 Subdivision into chambers or sections
 
 
 
 
01.01.02.10.01 Functions of the Secretary General / Registrar
 
01.01.02.10.02 Legal Advisers
 
01.01.03 Status of the members of the court
 
01.01.03.01 Term of office of Members
 
01.01.03.02 Term of office of the President
 
01.01.03.03 Privileges and immunities
 
01.01.03.04 Professional incompatibilities
 
01.01.03.05 Disciplinary measures
 
01.01.03.06 Irremovability
 
01.01.03.07 Remuneration
 
01.01.03.08 Non-disciplinary suspension of functions
 
01.01.03.09 End of office
 
 
 
01.01.04 Relations with other institutions
 
 
01.01.04.02 Legislative bodies
 
01.01.04.03 Executive bodies
 
01.01.04.04 Courts
 
01.02 Types of claim
 
01.02.01 Claim by a public body
 
01.02.01.01 Head of State
 
01.02.01.02 Legislative bodies
 
01.02.01.03 Executive bodies
 
01.02.01.04 Organs of federated or regional authorities
 
01.02.01.05 Organs of sectoral decentralisation
 
01.02.01.06 Local self-government body
 
01.02.01.07 Public Prosecutor or Attorney-General
 
01.02.01.08 Ombudsman
 
01.02.01.09 Member states of the European Union
 
01.02.01.10 Institutions of the European Union
 
01.02.01.11 Religious authorities
 
01.02.02 Claim by a private body or individual
 
01.02.02.01 Natural person
 
01.02.02.02 Non-profit-making corporate body
 
01.02.02.03 Profit-making corporate body
 
01.02.02.04 Political parties
 
01.02.02.05 Trade unions
 
 
01.02.04 Initiation ex officio by the body of constitutional jurisdiction
 
 
01.03 Jurisdiction
 
01.03.01 Scope of review
 
 
01.03.02 Type of review
 
01.03.02.01 Preliminary / ex post facto review
 
01.03.02.02 Abstract / concrete review
 
01.03.03 Advisory powers
 
01.03.04 Types of litigation
 
01.03.04.01 Litigation in respect of fundamental rights and freedoms
 
 
 
 
 
 
01.03.04.06.01 Admissibility
 
01.03.04.06.02 Other litigation
 
01.03.04.07 Restrictive proceedings
 
01.03.04.07.01 Banning of political parties
 
01.03.04.07.02 Withdrawal of civil rights
 
01.03.04.07.03 Removal from parliamentary office
 
01.03.04.07.04 Impeachment
 
01.03.04.08 Litigation in respect of jurisdictional conflict
 
 
01.03.04.10 Litigation in respect of the constitutionality of enactments
 
01.03.04.10.01 Limits of the legislative competence
 
01.03.04.11 Litigation in respect of constitutional revision
 
 
01.03.04.13 Universally binding interpretation of laws
 
01.03.04.14 Distribution of powers between the EU and member states
 
01.03.04.15 Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU
 
01.03.05 The subject of review
 
01.03.05.01 International treaties
 
01.03.05.02 Law of the European Union/EU Law
 
01.03.05.02.01 Primary legislation
 
01.03.05.02.02 Secondary legislation
 
 
 
01.03.05.05 Laws and other rules having the force of law
 
01.03.05.05.01 Laws and other rules in force before the entry into force of the Constitution
 
01.03.05.06 Decrees of the Head of State
 
01.03.05.07 Quasi-legislative regulations
 
01.03.05.08 Rules issued by federal or regional entities
 
01.03.05.09 Parliamentary rules
 
01.03.05.10 Rules issued by the executive
 
01.03.05.11 Acts issued by decentralised bodies
 
 
 
01.03.05.12 Court decisions
 
01.03.05.13 Administrative acts
 
 
 
01.04 Procedure
 
 
01.04.02 Summary procedure
 
01.04.03 Time-limits for instituting proceedings
 
01.04.03.01 Ordinary time-limit
 
01.04.03.02 Special time-limits
 
01.04.03.03 Leave to appeal out of time
 
01.04.04 Exhaustion of remedies
 
01.04.04.01 Obligation to raise constitutional issues before ordinary courts
 
01.04.05 Originating document
 
 
01.04.05.02 Signature
 
01.04.05.03 Formal requirements
 
01.04.05.04 Annexes
 
01.04.05.05 Service
 
01.04.06 Grounds
 
01.04.06.01 Time-limits
 
01.04.06.02 Form
 
01.04.06.03 Ex-officio grounds
 
 
01.04.07.01 Time-limits
 
01.04.07.02 Decision to lodge the document
 
01.04.07.03 Signature
 
01.04.07.04 Formal requirements
 
01.04.07.05 Annexes
 
01.04.07.06 Service
 
01.04.08 Preparation of the case for trial
 
01.04.08.01 Registration
 
01.04.08.02 Notifications and publication
 
01.04.08.03 Time-limits
 
01.04.08.04 Preliminary proceedings
 
01.04.08.05 Opinions
 
01.04.08.06 Reports
 
01.04.08.07 Evidence
 
01.04.08.07.01 Inquiries into the facts by the Court
 
01.04.08.08 Decision that preparation is complete
 
01.04.09 Parties
 
 
01.04.09.02 Interest
 
01.04.09.03 Representation
 
01.04.09.03.01 The Bar
 
01.04.09.03.02 Legal representation other than the Bar
 
01.04.09.03.03 Representation by persons other than lawyers or jurists
 
01.04.09.04 Persons or entities authorised to intervene in proceedings
 
01.04.10 Interlocutory proceedings
 
01.04.10.01 Intervention
 
01.04.10.02 Plea of forgery
 
01.04.10.03 Resumption of proceedings after interruption
 
 
01.04.10.05 Joinder of similar cases
 
01.04.10.06 Challenging of a judge
 
01.04.10.06.01 Automatic disqualification
 
01.04.10.06.02 Challenge at the instance of a party
 
01.04.10.07 Request for a preliminary ruling by the Court of Justice of the EU
 
01.04.11 Hearing
 
01.04.11.01 Composition of the bench
 
01.04.11.02 Procedure
 
01.04.11.03 In public / in camera
 
01.04.11.04 Report
 
01.04.11.05 Opinion
 
01.04.11.06 Address by the parties
 
01.04.12 Special procedures
 
01.04.13 Re-opening of hearing
 
 
01.04.14.01 Waiver of court fees
 
01.04.14.02 Legal aid or assistance
 
01.04.14.03 Party costs
 
01.05 Decisions
 
01.05.01 Deliberation
 
01.05.01.01 Composition of the bench
 
01.05.01.02 Chair
 
01.05.01.03 Procedure
 
01.05.01.03.01 Quorum
 
01.05.01.03.02 Vote
 
01.05.02 Reasoning
 
01.05.03 Form
 
01.05.04 Types
 
01.05.04.01 Procedural decisions
 
01.05.04.02 Opinion
 
 
01.05.04.04 Annulment
 
01.05.04.04.01 Consequential annulment
 
01.05.04.05 Suspension
 
01.05.04.06 Modification
 
01.05.04.07 Interim measures
 
01.05.05 Individual opinions of members
 
01.05.05.01 Concurring opinions
 
01.05.05.02 Dissenting opinions
 
01.05.06 Delivery and publication
 
01.05.06.01 Delivery
 
01.05.06.02 Time limit
 
01.05.06.03 Publication
 
01.05.06.03.01 Publication in the official journal/gazette
 
01.05.06.03.02 Publication in an official collection
 
01.05.06.03.03 Private publication
 
01.05.06.04 Press
 
01.06 Effects
 
01.06.01 Scope
 
01.06.02 Determination of effects by the court
 
01.06.03 Effect erga omnes
 
01.06.03.01 Stare decisis
 
01.06.04 Effect inter partes
 
01.06.05 Temporal effect
 
01.06.05.01 Entry into force of decision
 
01.06.05.02 Retrospective effect (ex tunc)
 
01.06.05.03 Limitation on retrospective effect
 
01.06.05.04 Ex nunc effect
 
01.06.05.05 Postponement of temporal effect
 
01.06.06 Execution
 
01.06.06.01 Body responsible for supervising execution
 
01.06.06.02 Penalty payment
 
01.06.07 Influence on State organs
 
01.06.08 Influence on everyday life
 
01.06.09 Consequences for other cases
 
01.06.09.01 Ongoing cases
 
01.06.09.02 Decided cases
 
02 Sources
 
 
02.01.01 Written rules
 
02.01.01.01 National rules
 
02.01.01.01.01 Constitution
 
 
02.01.01.02 National rules from other countries
 
02.01.01.03 Law of the European Union/EU Law
 
02.01.01.04 International instruments
 
02.01.01.04.01 United Nations Charter of 1945
 
02.01.01.04.02 Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948
 
02.01.01.04.03 Geneva Conventions of 1949
 
 
02.01.01.04.05 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees of 1951
 
02.01.01.04.06 European Social Charter of 1961
 
02.01.01.04.07 International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination of 1965
 
02.01.01.04.08 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 1966
 
02.01.01.04.09 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966
 
02.01.01.04.10 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969
 
02.01.01.04.11 American Convention on Human Rights of 1969
 
02.01.01.04.12 Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women of 1979
 
02.01.01.04.13 African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights of 1981
 
02.01.01.04.14 European Charter of Local Self-Government of 1985
 
02.01.01.04.15 Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989
 
02.01.01.04.16 Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities of 1995
 
02.01.01.04.17 Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998
 
02.01.01.04.18 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 2000
 
02.01.01.04.19 International conventions regulating diplomatic and consular relations
 
02.01.02 Unwritten rules
 
02.01.02.01 Constitutional custom
 
02.01.02.02 General principles of law
 
02.01.02.03 Natural law
 
02.01.03 Case-law
 
02.01.03.01 Domestic case-law
 
02.01.03.02 International case-law
 
02.01.03.02.01 European Court of Human Rights
 
02.01.03.02.02 Court of Justice of the European Union
 
02.01.03.02.03 Other international bodies
 
02.01.03.03 Foreign case-law
 
02.02 Hierarchy
 
02.02.01 Hierarchy as between national and non-national sources
 
02.02.01.01 Treaties and constitutions
 
02.02.01.02 Treaties and legislative acts
 
02.02.01.03 Treaties and other domestic legal instruments
 
02.02.01.04 European Convention on Human Rights and constitutions
 
02.02.01.05 European Convention on Human Rights and non-constitutional domestic legal instruments
 
02.02.01.06 Law of the European Union/EU Law and domestic law
 
02.02.01.06.01 EU primary law and constitutions
 
02.02.01.06.02 EU primary law and domestic nonconstitutional legal instruments
 
02.02.01.06.03 EU secondary law and constitutions
 
02.02.01.06.04 EU secondary law and domestic nonconstitutional instruments
 
02.02.01.06.05 Direct effect, primacy and the uniform application of EU Law
 
02.02.02 Hierarchy as between national sources
 
02.02.02.01 Hierarchy emerging from the Constitution
 
02.02.02.01.01 Hierarchy attributed to rights and freedoms
 
02.02.02.02 The Constitution and other sources of domestic law
 
02.02.03 Hierarchy between sources of EU Law
 
02.03 Techniques of review
 
02.03.01 Concept of manifest error in assessing evidence or exercising discretion
 
 
02.03.03 Intention of the author of the enactment under review
 
02.03.04 Interpretation by analogy
 
02.03.05 Logical interpretation
 
02.03.06 Historical interpretation
 
02.03.07 Literal interpretation
 
02.03.08 Systematic interpretation
 
02.03.09 Teleological interpretation
 
02.03.10 Contextual interpretation
 
02.03.11 Pro homine/most favourable interpretation to the individual
 
03 General Principles
 
03.01 Sovereignty
 
03.02 Republic/Monarchy
 
03.03 Democracy
 
03.03.01 Representative democracy
 
03.03.02 Direct democracy
 
 
03.04 Separation of powers
 
 
 
03.06.01 Unitary State
 
03.06.02 Regional State
 
03.06.03 Federal State
 
 
03.08 Territorial principles
 
03.08.01 Indivisibility of the territory
 
03.09 Rule of law
 
 
03.11 Vested and/or acquired rights
 
03.12 Clarity and precision of legal provisions
 
 
 
03.15 Publication of laws
 
03.15.01 Ignorance of the law is no excuse
 
03.15.02 Linguistic aspects
 
03.16 Proportionality
 
03.17 Weighing of interests
 
 
03.19 Margin of appreciation
 
03.20 Reasonableness
 
 
03.22 Prohibition of arbitrariness
 
03.23 Equity
 
 
 
 
04 Institutions
 
 
04.01.01 Procedure
 
04.01.02 Limitations on powers
 
04.02 State Symbols
 
04.02.01 Flag
 
04.02.02 National holiday
 
04.02.03 National anthem
 
04.02.04 National emblem
 
04.02.05 Motto
 
04.02.06 Capital city
 
04.03 Languages
 
04.03.01 Official language(s)
 
04.03.02 National language(s)
 
04.03.03 Regional language(s)
 
04.03.04 Minority language(s)
 
04.04 Head of State
 
04.04.01 Vice-President / Regent
 
04.04.02 Temporary replacement
 
04.04.03 Powers
 
 
 
 
04.04.03.04 Promulgation of laws
 
04.04.03.05 International relations
 
04.04.03.06 Powers with respect to the armed forces
 
04.04.03.07 Mediating powers
 
04.04.04 Appointment
 
04.04.04.01 Necessary qualifications
 
04.04.04.02 Incompatibilities
 
04.04.04.03 Direct/indirect election
 
04.04.04.04 Hereditary succession
 
04.04.05 Term of office
 
04.04.05.01 Commencement of office
 
04.04.05.02 Duration of office
 
04.04.05.03 Incapacity
 
04.04.05.04 End of office
 
04.04.05.05 Limit on number of successive terms
 
04.04.06 Status
 
04.04.06.01 Liability
 
04.04.06.01.01 Legal liability
 
04.04.06.01.01.01 Immunity
 
04.04.06.01.01.02 Civil liability
 
04.04.06.01.01.03 Criminal liability
 
04.04.06.01.02 Political responsibility
 
 
 
 
04.05.02.01 Competences with respect to international agreements
 
 
 
 
04.05.03 Composition
 
04.05.03.01 Election of members
 
04.05.03.02 Appointment of members
 
04.05.03.03 Term of office of the legislative body
 
04.05.03.03.01 Duration
 
04.05.03.04 Term of office of members
 
 
04.05.03.04.02 Duration
 
04.05.03.04.03 End
 
04.05.04 Organisation
 
04.05.04.01 Rules of procedure
 
04.05.04.02 President/Speaker
 
 
 
04.05.04.05 Parliamentary groups
 
 
 
04.05.06.01 Right to initiate legislation
 
04.05.06.02 Quorum
 
04.05.06.03 Majority required
 
04.05.06.04 Right of amendment
 
04.05.06.05 Relations between houses
 
04.05.07 Relations with the executive bodies
 
04.05.07.01 Questions to the government
 
04.05.07.02 Questions of confidence
 
04.05.07.03 Motion of censure
 
04.05.08 Relations with judicial bodies
 
04.05.09 Liability
 
04.05.10 Political parties
 
04.05.10.01 Creation
 
04.05.10.02 Financing
 
04.05.10.03 Role
 
04.05.10.04 Prohibition
 
 
 
04.06.01 Hierarchy
 
04.06.02 Powers
 
04.06.03 Application of laws
 
 
04.06.03.02 Delegated rule-making powers
 
04.06.04 Composition
 
04.06.04.01 Appointment of members
 
04.06.04.02 Election of members
 
04.06.04.03 End of office of members
 
04.06.04.04 Status of members of executive bodies
 
04.06.05 Organisation
 
04.06.06 Relations with judicial bodies
 
 
 
04.06.08.01 Universities
 
 
04.06.09.01 Conditions of access
 
04.06.09.02 Reasons for exclusion
 
 
04.06.09.03 Remuneration
 
04.06.09.04 Personal liability
 
04.06.09.05 Trade union status
 
04.06.10 Liability
 
04.06.10.01 Legal liability
 
04.06.10.01.01 Immunity
 
04.06.10.01.02 Civil liability
 
04.06.10.01.03 Criminal liability
 
04.06.10.02 Political responsibility
 
 
04.07.01 Jurisdiction
 
04.07.01.01 Exclusive jurisdiction
 
04.07.01.02 Universal jurisdiction
 
 
04.07.02 Procedure
 
04.07.03 Decisions
 
04.07.04 Organisation
 
04.07.04.01 Members
 
04.07.04.01.01 Qualifications
 
04.07.04.01.02 Appointment
 
04.07.04.01.03 Election
 
04.07.04.01.04 Term of office
 
04.07.04.01.05 End of office
 
04.07.04.01.06 Status
 
04.07.04.01.06.01 Incompatibilities
 
04.07.04.01.06.02 Discipline
 
04.07.04.01.06.03 Irremovability
 
04.07.04.02 Officers of the court
 
 
04.07.04.03.01 Powers
 
04.07.04.03.02 Appointment
 
04.07.04.03.03 Election
 
04.07.04.03.04 Term of office
 
04.07.04.03.05 End of office
 
04.07.04.03.06 Status
 
04.07.04.04 Languages
 
04.07.04.05 Registry
 
04.07.04.06 Budget
 
 
04.07.06 Relations with bodies of international jurisdiction
 
04.07.07 Supreme court
 
04.07.08 Ordinary courts
 
04.07.08.01 Civil courts
 
04.07.08.02 Criminal courts
 
04.07.09 Administrative courts
 
 
04.07.11 Military courts
 
04.07.12 Special courts
 
04.07.13 Other courts
 
04.07.14 Arbitration
 
04.07.15 Legal assistance and representation of parties
 
04.07.15.01 The Bar
 
04.07.15.01.01 Organisation
 
04.07.15.01.02 Powers of ruling bodies
 
04.07.15.01.03 Role of members of the Bar
 
04.07.15.01.04 Status of members of the Bar
 
04.07.15.01.05 Discipline
 
04.07.15.02 Assistance other than by the Bar
 
04.07.15.02.01 Legal advisers
 
04.07.15.02.02 Legal assistance bodies
 
04.07.16 Liability
 
04.07.16.01 Liability of the State
 
04.07.16.02 Liability of judges
 
04.08 Federalism, regionalism and local self-government
 
 
04.08.02 Regions and provinces
 
 
04.08.04 Basic principles
 
04.08.04.01 Autonomy
 
04.08.04.02 Subsidiarity
 
04.08.05 Definition of geographical boundaries
 
04.08.06 Institutional aspects
 
04.08.06.01 Deliberative assembly
 
04.08.06.01.01 Status of members
 
04.08.06.02 Executive
 
04.08.06.03 Courts
 
04.08.07 Budgetary and financial aspects
 
04.08.07.01 Finance
 
04.08.07.02 Arrangements for distributing the financial resources of the State
 
04.08.07.03 Budget
 
04.08.07.04 Mutual support arrangements
 
04.08.08 Distribution of powers
 
04.08.08.01 Principles and methods
 
04.08.08.02 Implementation
 
04.08.08.02.01 Distribution ratione materiae
 
04.08.08.02.02 Distribution ratione loci
 
04.08.08.02.03 Distribution ratione temporis
 
04.08.08.02.04 Distribution ratione personae
 
04.08.08.03 Supervision
 
04.08.08.04 Co-operation
 
04.08.08.05 International relations
 
04.08.08.05.01 Conclusion of treaties
 
04.08.08.05.02 Participation in international organisations or their organs
 
 
 
 
 
04.09.02.02 Effects
 
 
 
04.09.04 Constituencies
 
 
04.09.06 Representation of minorities
 
04.09.07 Preliminary procedures
 
04.09.07.01 Electoral rolls
 
 
 
 
04.09.08.01 Campaign financing
 
04.09.08.02 Campaign expenses
 
 
04.09.09 Voting procedures
 
04.09.09.01 Polling stations
 
04.09.09.02 Polling booths
 
 
04.09.09.04 Identity checks on voters
 
 
 
04.09.10 Minimum participation rate required
 
04.09.11 Determination of votes
 
04.09.11.01 Counting of votes
 
04.09.11.02 Electoral reports
 
04.09.12 Proclamation of results
 
04.09.13 Judicial control
 
04.09.14 Non-judicial complaints and appeals
 
04.09.15 Post-electoral procedures
 
 
04.10.01 Principles
 
04.10.02 Budget
 
04.10.03 Accounts
 
04.10.04 Currency
 
04.10.05 Central bank
 
 
04.10.07 Taxation
 
04.10.07.01 Principles
 
 
04.10.08.01 Privatisation
 
04.11 Armed forces, police forces and secret services
 
04.11.01 Armed forces
 
04.11.02 Police forces
 
04.11.03 Secret services
 
 
04.12.01 Appointment
 
04.12.02 Guarantees of independence
 
04.12.02.01 Term of office
 
04.12.02.02 Incompatibilities
 
04.12.02.03 Immunities
 
04.12.02.04 Financial independence
 
04.12.03 Powers
 
04.12.04 Organisation
 
04.12.05 Relations with the Head of State
 
04.12.06 Relations with the legislature
 
04.12.07 Relations with the executive
 
 
04.12.09 Relations with judicial bodies
 
04.12.10 Relations with federal or regional authorities
 
 
 
04.15 Exercise of public functions by private bodies
 
04.16 International relations
 
04.16.01 Transfer of powers to international institutions
 
04.17 European Union
 
04.17.01 Institutional structure
 
04.17.01.01 European Parliament
 
04.17.01.02 European Council
 
04.17.01.03 Council of Ministers
 
04.17.01.04 European Commission
 
 
04.17.01.06 European Central Bank
 
04.17.01.07 Court of Auditors
 
04.17.02 Distribution of powers between the EU and member states
 
04.17.02.01 Sincere co-operation between EU institutions and member States
 
04.17.02.02 Subsidiarity
 
04.17.03 Distribution of powers between institutions of the EU
 
04.17.04 Legislative procedure
 
 
 
05.01 General questions
 
05.01.01 Entitlement to rights
 
05.01.01.01 Nationals
 
05.01.01.01.01 Nationals living abroad
 
05.01.01.02 Citizens of the European Union and non-citizens with similar status
 
05.01.01.03 Foreigners
 
05.01.01.03.01 Refugees and applicants for refugee status
 
05.01.01.04 Natural persons
 
 
05.01.01.04.02 Incapacitated
 
05.01.01.04.03 Detainees
 
05.01.01.04.04 Military personnel
 
05.01.01.05 Legal persons
 
05.01.01.05.01 Private law
 
05.01.01.05.02 Public law
 
05.01.02 Horizontal effects
 
05.01.03 Positive obligation of the state
 
 
05.01.04.01 Non-derogable rights
 
05.01.04.02 General/special clause of limitation
 
05.01.04.03 Subsequent review of limitation